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APEC°ú °°Àº ´ë·úº° Çà»ç ¶§µµ ¸¶Âù°¡ÁöÀ̱¸¿ä. 2004³â¿¡ ¡®¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« °³¹ßÀ» À§ÇÑ ½Å°æÁ¦ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¡¯(NEPAD)ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ Áß Çϳª¸¦ ¸ðÀáºñÅ©ÀÇ ¼öµµÀÎ ¸¶ÇªÅä(Maputo)¿¡¼ ÁøÇàÇÏ·Á ÇßÀ» ¶§°¡ ±×·¨½À´Ï´Ù. ȸÀǸ¦ °³ÃÖÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ¸ðÀáºñÅ© Á¤ºÎ¿Í ¸¶ÇªÅä ½Ã´Â °³¹ß µî°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¿¹»êÀ» ½ñ¾Æº×±â ½ÃÀÛÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ ±¹Á¦³ëÁ¡»ó¿¬ÇÕÀÇ ¸ðÀáºñÅ© ȸ¿ø´ÜüÀÎ ASSOTSI´Â ¸¶ÇªÅä ½ÃÀåÀ» ¸¸³ª ³ëÁ¡»ó°ú ºñ°ø½Ä³ëµ¿Àڵ鿡°Ô ¾î¶² ÀÏÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁúÁö¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¦±âÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±× ¼º°ú·Î ºñ°ø½Ä ³ëµ¿ÀÚ È¤Àº ³ëÁ¡»óµé¿¡°Ô ÀÌÁÖ°¡ ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ´ëüºÎÁö¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ý°è¸¦ À̾°í ¿Ü±¹ ¹æ¹®°´µéµµ NEPAD ȸÀÇ¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çϱâ·Î ÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾ÈŸ±õ°Ôµµ ¸¹Àº ³ª¶óÀÇ Áß¾Ó È¤Àº Áö¹æÁ¤ºÎµéÀÌ ´ëÈ¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿Ü±¹ ÅõÀÚÀÚµéÀ» À¯Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù´Â Çã»óÀ» °¡Áö°í ¡®¼¼°è °øµ¿Ã¼¡¯¸¦ âÃâÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÏ¸é¼ Á¶Á÷µÈ ³ëÁ¡»óµéÀ̳ª ºó¹Î´Üüµé°ú ´ëÈÇϱ⸦ ²¨¸®°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Çѱ¹ÀÇ °æ¿ìµµ ¸¶Âù°¡ÁöÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºÎ»êÀÇ ³ëÁ¡»óµéÀ» ´Ü¼ÓÇØ¿Ô°í ÀÌ Áö¿ª 6000¿© ³ëÁ¡»óÀÇ »ýÁ¸±ÇÀ» Áþ¹â¾Æ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ³ë¼÷ÀεéÀ» Àâ¾Æ°¡µÎ·Á ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â ³²¾Æ°ø ´õ¹ÝÀÇ °æ¿ì ¿ÃÇØ 5¿ù´Þ¿¡ ³ëÁ¡»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ë´ëÀûÀÎ ´Ü¼ÓÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ´õ¹Ý¿¡´Â 2¸¸5õ¸íÀÇ ³ëÁ¡»óµéÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ½ÃÀÇȸ´Â 872¸íÀÇ ³ëÁ¡»óµé¿¡°Ô¸¸ Çã°¡ÁõÀ» ÁÖ¾î ½Ã³»¿¡¼ Àå»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ°Ú´Ù°í °áÁ¤Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ³ëÁ¡»óµéÀº ºÒ¹ýÀ¸·Î ±ÔÁ¤µÇ¾ú°í °æÂûµéÀÌ À̵éÀ» üÆ÷Çϰųª ¹°°ÇµéÀ» ¾Ð¼öÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß½À´Ï´Ù. °á±¹ ÀÌ¿¡ ÀúÇ×ÇÏ´Â ³ëÁ¡»óµé°ú ¸¶ÂûÀÌ ºú¾îÁú ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø¾ú´Âµ¥ ½ÃÀÇȸ´Â ¾ð·ÐÀ» ÅëÇØ ÀÌ·¸°Ô À̾߱âÇß´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 2010³â¿¡ ³²¾Æ°ø¿¡¼ °³ÃÖµÉ ¿ùµåÄÅÀ» À§ÇØ ´õ¹ÝÀ» ¡®¼¼°è °øµ¿Ã¼ µµ½Ã¡¯·Î ¸¸µé·Á°í ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±¹Á¦³ëÁ¡»ó¿¬ÇÕÀº ±¹Á¦ ȤÀº ´ë·úº° Çà»ç¸¦ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÇÑ ³ëÁ¡»ó ź¾Ð¿¡ ¸Â¼ ±¹Á¦Ä·ÆäÀÎÀ» ÁøÇàÇسª°¡·Á ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± Çà»çµéÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¸¶´Ù ³ëÁ¡»óµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¼ÓÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ºÐ¸íÇϸ®¶ó ¿¹»óµË´Ï´Ù. ¼¼°è ³ëÁ¡»óµéÀÌ ´Ü°áÇÏ°í ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î ¶Ê¶Ê ¹¶ÃÄ ³ëÁ¡»óµéÀ» ź¾ÐÇÏÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï ´ëÀÀÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 2006³âºÎÅÍ 2008³â±îÁö ±¹Á¦³ëÁ¡»ó¿¬ÇÕÀÇ 3³â °èȹ ÁßÀÇ Çϳª·Î ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±¹Á¦Ä·ÆäÀÎÀ» Á¶Á÷ÇÏ°í °ÈÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºó°ïÇØ°áÀ» À§ÇØ È°µ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â »çȸ¿îµ¿ ´Üüµé, ±¹Á¦³ëÁ¶¿Í ¿¬´ëÇÏ°í ±¹Á¦ °æÁ¦ Á¤Ã¥ ¹®Á¦ µî¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´ëÀÀÇϵµ·Ï ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À̸¦ ÅëÇØ ¼¼°è ½Ã¹Î»çȸÀÇ ¿ª·®ÀÌ °ÈµÇ°í ¼¼°è °¡³ÇÑ ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀÇ »îÀ» °³¼±ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. APEC and Poverty, Korean Government¡¯s repression on the poor - Pat Horn, International Co-odinator of StreetNet International I bring you greetings from StreetNet International, which represents just over 200 000 street vendors in 20 affiliated organizations in 18 countries in Africa, Latin America and Asia. StreetNet¡¯s Asian affiliates are in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Korean Street Vendors Confederation here in Korea – one of the host organizations of this workshop. StreetNet International represents that category of the poor who have been forced to try to earn their living by selling on the streets and other public spaces –as globalization and economic liberalisation force more and more formal workers out of the traditional labour market into the informal economy. Throughout the world, the number of street vendors and other workers in the informal economy is increasing –even in countries experiencing economic growth. The majority of street vendors in the world are poor women –many of them having become the main income-earners for large extended families whose other source of income are disappearing with the loss of formal employment, declining levels of social security,and the devastating effects of HIV/AIDS on the income-earning capacity of poor families in the developing world. However, traditionally street vendors and other workers in the informal economy have not been well organized – nor have they been widely recognized as workers.Although they have rights as workers,in theory, they do not enjoy the rights of workers to the freedom to organize, access to income security and social security, and the right to statutory representation in collective negotiations by their own democratically elected representatives. Thus they are always one of the first groups of the poor to be pushed aside when governments need them to be out of sight. National governments and City authorities¡¯ view of "world class cities" seems to be a view which completely excludes the poor – and campaigns to build "world class cities" seem to consist of crackdowns against street vendors, evictions of the poor from their homes called "slum clearance"programmes, and rounding up of street children. During such operations, many of the poor lose their meager livelihoods and their homes –thus exacerbating their poverty and hardship. The Korean Street Vendors Confederation made its first contact with StreetNet in India in February 2002 at a time when Korean street vendors were concerned about the likelihood that they would be evicted from their trading sites during the FIFAWorld Cup which was to take place in Korea and Japan in June of that year.They appealed for international solidarity to pressurize the Korean government and FIFA to avoid evicting street vendors from their trading sites during the World Cup, and to instead enter into negotiations with street vendors and their democratically elected representatives about ways in which the street vendors, instead of losing their livelihoods, could in fact benefit (like many other Koreans) from the fact that the FIFA World Cup would take place in Korea. Accordingly, StreetNet and members of street vendors¡¯ organizations in 9 other Asian countries put pressure on FIFA and the Korean government not to evict the Korean street vendors or deny them their livelihoods during the FIFA World Cup. This was the first such international campaign involving street vendors as an organized group. However, this problem continues every time a country is to host an international event or a regional event (like this APEC meeting). In 2004 the New Economic Programme for African Development (NEPAD) was to hold one of its meetings in Maputo, the capital city of Mocambique. Prior to the meeting, the government of Mocambique and the City of Maputo started putting money into developments and improvements. StreetNet¡¯s Mocambican affiliate, ASSOTSI (Associacao dos Operadores e Trabalhadores do Sector Informal) approached the Mayor of Maputo about what would happen to the street vendors and informal market vendors –and for the first time ever, negotiated about ways of making sure that any relocated informal traders were provided with suitable alternative trading sites so that all would continue to work and benefit from the visitors who came into the city from other countries to attend the NEPAD meeting. But unfortunately national and local government authorities are not always open to negotiation. Sometimes they are so keen to create their "world class cities" in the vain hope of impressing potential investors, that they are not willing to negotiate with organized street vendors or other organizations of the poor. Apparently this was the case here in Korea when the authorities were cracking down on street vendors in Pusan, removing the livelihoods of 6000 street vendors in the process, and rounding up the homeless. In the city I come from, Durban in South Africa, we saw a major crackdown against street vendors in May this year. There are 25 000 street vendors in Durban, but the City Council decided to issue 872 permits to street vendors to trade in the city centre. All other street vendors were declared illegal, and the City Police started to arrest them and confiscate their goods. When this led to violent confrontations after street vendors resisted being evicted, the City Council told the press that they were preparing to make Durban into a "world class city"in time for the FIFA World Cup which will take place in South Africa in 2010 !! StreetNet intends to mount an international campaign to defend the livelihoods of street vendors during the lead-up to all international and regional events. The crackdowns against street vendors have become a completely predictable part of the preparations for such events. It is time for street vendors of the world to go on the offensive and present an internationally united front to governments hosting such events to demand their assurances that they will not be throwing street vendors off the streets and out of work. During the next three-year plan of StreetNet (2006 – 2008) we will be building and intensifying this international campaign.This will include the development of strategic alliances with social movements working on the eradication of poverty, world trade and global economic policy issues, in order to strengthen the capacity of global civil society to make a significant impact on the lives of the working poor of the world.
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